Lesi sifundo sichaza ukuthi ulilungiselela kanjani ibhakede Lesitoreji Samafu ukuze usonge iwebhusayithi emile yesizinda sakho. Amakhasi ewebhu amile angaqukatha ubuchwepheshe bohlangothi lweklayenti obufana ne-HTML, CSS, ne-JavaScript. Azikwazi ukuqukatha okuqukethwe okunamandla njengezikripthi eziseceleni kweseva njenge-PHP Lesi sifundo sikukhombisa ukuthi ungakuphakela kanjani okuqukethwe nge-HTTP. Ukuze uthole okokufundisa esebenzisa i-HTTPS, bona Ukusingatha iwebhusayithi emile Ukuze uthole izibonelo namathiphu emakhasini ewebhu amile, okuhlanganisa nendlela yokusingatha izimpahla ezimile zewebhusayithi enamandla, bheka ikhasi lewebhusayithi emile. ## IzinjongoKulesi sifundo uzo: - Khomba isizinda sakho ku-Cloud Storage ngokusebenzisa a CNAMErekhoda - Dala ibhakede elixhunywe esizindeni sakho - Layisha futhi wabelane ngamafayela esayithi lakho - Hlola iwebhusayithi ## Izindleko Lesi sifundo sisebenzisa ingxenye elandelayo ekhokhisekayo ye-Google Cloud: - Cloud Storage Bona ithiphu yezindleko zakho zokuqapha isitoreji ukuze uthole imininingwane yokuthi yiziphi izindleko ezingase zibe khona lapho usingathe iwebhusayithi emile, futhi ubone ikhasi lamanani ukuze uthole imininingwane yezindleko zesitoreji samafu. ## Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale - Ngena ngemvume ku-akhawunti yakho ye-Google Cloud. Uma umusha ku-Google Cloud, dala i-akhawunti ukuze uhlole ukuthi imikhiqizo yethu isebenza kanjani ezimeni zomhlaba wangempela. Amakhasimende amasha aphinde athole u-$300 kumakhredithi amahhala ukuze asebenze, ahlole, futhi akhiphe imithwalo yomsebenzi - Ku-Google Cloud console, ekhasini lesikhethi sephrojekthi, khetha noma dala iphrojekthi ye-Google Cloud - Qiniseka ukuthi inkokhelo inikwe amandla kuphrojekthi yakho Yefu. Funda ukuthi ungabheka kanjani ukuthi inkokhelo ivuliwe kuphrojekthi - Ku-Google Cloud console, ekhasini lesikhethi sephrojekthi, khetha noma dala iphrojekthi ye-Google Cloud - Qiniseka ukuthi inkokhelo inikwe amandla kuphrojekthi yakho Yefu. Funda ukuthi ungabheka kanjani ukuthi inkokhelo ivuliwe kuphrojekthi - Yiba nesizinda okungeyakho noma osiphethe. Uma ungenaso isizinda esikhona, kunezinsiza eziningi ongabhalisa ngazo isizinda esisha, njenge Izizinda ze-Google Lesi sifundo sisebenzisa isizinda example.com - Qinisekisa lokho ungumnikazi noma uphatha isizinda ozosisebenzisa. Qiniseka ukuthi ukhona ukuqinisekisa isizinda sezinga eliphezulu, njenge example.com, hhayi isizinda esingaphansi, njenge www.example.com Qaphela: Uma ungumnikazi wesizinda osihlanganisa nebhakede, kungenzeka ukuthi ususenze lesi sinyathelo esikhathini esidlule. Uma uthenge isizinda sakho nge-Google Domains, ukuqinisekiswa kuyazenzakalela ## Ukuxhuma isizinda sakho Kusitoreji Samafu Ukuze uxhume isizinda sakho Kusitoreji Samafu, dala a CNAME irekhodi ngesevisi yokubhaliswa kwesizinda sakho. A Irekhodi le-CNAME liwuhlobo lwe-DNS irekhodi. Iqondisa ithrafikhi ecela i-URL esizindeni sakho iye ezinsizeni ofuna ukuyisebenzisa, kulokhu izinto ezikumabhakede akho Esitoreji Samafu Ngoba www.example.com, i Irekhodi le-CNAME lingase liqukathe okulandelayo ulwazi: IGAMA LOHLOBO IDATHA www CNAME c.storage.googleapis.com Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe mayelana I-CNAME iqondisa kabusha, bona i-URI ye I-CNAME iyaqanjwa Ukuze uxhume isizinda sakho Kusitoreji Samafu: Dala a CNAMErekhoda lokho okukhomba ku c.storage.googleapis.com. Isevisi yokubhaliswa kwesizinda sakho kufanele ibe nendlela yokuthi ulawule isizinda sakho, okuhlanganisa nokungeza a CNAMErekhoda. Isibonelo, uma usebenzisa i-Google Domains, imiyalelo yokwengeza amarekhodi wezisetshenziswa ingatholakala ekhasini Losizo Lwezizinda ze-Google. ## Ukwakha ibhakede Dala ibhakede eligama lalo lihambisana ne CNAME oyidalele isizinda sakho Isibonelo, uma ungeze i-a Irekhodi le-CNAME likhomba ukusuka ku- www isizinda esingaphansi kwe example.com ku c.storage.googleapis.com., bese udala ibhakede nge igama elithi "www.example.com"Ukwakha ibhakede: Ikhonsoli - Ku-Google Cloud console, hamba ku-Cloud Storage Ikhasi lamabhakede Chofoza Dala ibhakedeukuze uvule ifomu lokudala ibhakede Faka imininingwane yebhakede lakho bese uchofoza Qhubeka nokuqedela isinyathelo ngasinye: I Igama lebhakede lakho, elifana negama lomethuleli elihlotshaniswa nelakho CNAMErekhoda Khetha i- Uhlobo lwendawo kanye nendawo yebhakede lakho. Isibonelo, Isifunda kanye nathi-empumalanga1 Khetha Isitoreji Esijwayelekile sekilasi Lokugcina Khetha Uniformfor Access control - Chofoza Dala Uma uphumelele, uyiswa ekhasini lebhakede nombhalo othi "Azikho izinto ezibukhoma kuleli bhakede."gsutil Sebenzisa i- umyalo we-gsutil mb: gsutil mb gswww.example.com Uma kuphumelele, umyalo uyabuya: Idala i-gswww.example.com Amasampula ekhodi Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe, bheka i- Cloud Storage C++ API imibhalo eyinkomba Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe, bheka i- Cloud Storage C# API imibhalo eyinkomba Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe, bheka i- Cloud Storage Go API imibhalo eyinkomba Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe, bheka i- Cloud Storage Java API imibhalo eyinkomba Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe, bheka i- Cloud Storage Node.js API imibhalo eyinkomba Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe, bheka i- Cloud Storage PHP API imibhalo eyinkomba Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe, bheka i- I-Cloud Storage Python API imibhalo eyinkomba Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe, bheka i- Cloud Storage Ruby API imibhalo eyinkomba ## C++ i-namespace gcs = ::google::cloud::isitoreji; usebenzisa ::google::cloud::StatusNoma; I-gcs::Iklayenti leklayenti, std::string const& ibhakede_name, std::string const& storage_class, std::string const& indawo) { IsimoNoma bucket_metadata = client.CreateBucket(bucket_name, gcs::BucketMetadata() .set_storage_class(storage_class) .set_location(location if (!bucket_metadata) { throw std::runtime_error(bucket_metadata.statusmessage } std::cout << "Bucket " << bucket_metadata->name() << " created." << " Full Metadata: " << *bucket_metadata << " "; } ## C# using Google.Apis.Storage.v1.Data; using Google.Cloud.Storage.V1; using System; public class CreateRegionalBucketSample { Creates a storage bucket with region The ID of the project to create the buckets inparam> The location of the bucket. Object data for objects in the bucket resides in physical storage within this region. Defaults to USparam> The name of the bucket to createparam> The bucket's default storage class, used whenever no storageClass is specified for a newly-created object. This defines how objects in the bucket are stored and determines the SLA and the cost of storage. Values include MULTI_REGIONAL, REGIONAL, STANDARD, NEARLINE, COLDLINE, ARCHIVE, and DURABLE_REDUCED_AVAILABILITY If this value is not specified when the bucket is created, it will default to STANDARDparam> public Bucket CreateRegionalBucket( string projectId = "your-project-id", string bucketName = "your-unique-bucket-name", string location = "us-west1", string storageClass = "REGIONAL") { var storage = StorageClient.Create Bucket bucket = new Bucket { Location = location, Name = bucketName, StorageClass = storageClass }; var newlyCreatedBucket = storage.CreateBucket(projectId, bucket); Console.WriteLineCreated {bucketName return newlyCreatedBucket; } } ## Go import ( "context" "fmt" "io" "time" "cloud.google.com/go/storage" ) // createBucketClassLocation creates a new bucket in the project with Storage class and // location func createBucketClassLocation(w io.Writer, projectID, bucketName string) error { // projectID := "my-project-id" // bucketName := "bucket-name" ctx := context.Background() client, err := storage.NewClient(ctx) if err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("storage.NewClient: %v", err) } defer client.Close() ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, time.Second*30) defer cancel() storageClassAndLocation := &storage.BucketAttrs{ StorageClass: "COLDLINE", Location: "asia", } bucket := client.Bucket(bucketName) if err := bucket.Create(ctx, projectID, storageClassAndLocation); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("Bucket(%q).Create: %v", bucketName, err) } fmt.Fprintf(w, "Created bucket %v in %v with storage class %v ", bucketName, storageClassAndLocation.Location, storageClassAndLocation.StorageClass) return nil } ## Java import com.google.cloud.storage.Bucket; import com.google.cloud.storage.BucketInfo; import com.google.cloud.storage.Storage; import com.google.cloud.storage.StorageClass; import com.google.cloud.storage.StorageOptions; public class CreateBucketWithStorageClassAndLocation { public static void createBucketWithStorageClassAndLocation(String projectId, String bucketName) { // The ID of your GCP project // String projectId = "your-project-id"; // The ID to give your GCS bucket // String bucketName = "your-unique-bucket-name"; Storage storage = StorageOptions.newBuildersetProjectId(projectId).buildgetService // See the StorageClass documentation for other valid storage classes: // httpsgoogleapis.dev/java/google-cloud-clients/latest/com/google/cloud/storage/StorageClass.html StorageClass storageClass = StorageClass.COLDLINE; // See this documentation for other valid locations: // httpg.co/cloud/storage/docs/bucket-locations#location-mr String location = "ASIA"; Bucket bucket = storage.create( BucketInfo.newBuilder(bucketName) .setStorageClass(storageClass) .setLocation(location) .build System.out.println( "Created bucket " + bucket.getName() + " in " + bucket.getLocation() + " with storage class " + bucket.getStorageClass } } ## Node.js * TODO(developer): Uncomment the following lines before running the sample */ // The ID of your GCS bucket // const bucketName = 'your-unique-bucket-name'; // The name of a storage class // See the StorageClass documentation for other valid storage classes: // httpsgoogleapis.dev/java/google-cloud-clients/latest/com/google/cloud/storage/StorageClass.html // const storageClass = 'coldline'; // The name of a location // See this documentation for other valid locations: // httpg.co/cloud/storage/docs/locations#location-mr // const location = 'ASIA'; // Imports the Google Cloud client library const {Storage} = requiregoogle-cloud/storage // Creates a client // The bucket in the sample below will be created in the project associated with this client // For more information, please see httpscloud.google.com/docs/authentication/production or httpsgoogleapis.dev/nodejs/storage/latest/Storage.html const storage = new Storage async function createBucketWithStorageClassAndLocation() { // For default values see: httpscloud.google.com/storage/docs/locations and // httpscloud.google.com/storage/docs/storage-classes const [bucket] = await storage.createBucket(bucketName, { location, [storageClass]: true, console.log( bucket.name} created with ${storageClass} class in ${location}` ); } createBucketWithStorageClassAndLocationcatch(console.error); ## PHP use Google\Cloud\Storage\StorageClient; * Create a new bucket with a custom default storage class and location * * @param string $bucketName The name of your Cloud Storage bucket * (e.g. 'my-bucket') */ function create_bucket_class_location(string $bucketName): void { $storage = new StorageClient $storageClass = 'COLDLINE'; $location = 'ASIA'; $bucket = $storage->createBucket($bucketName, [ 'storageClass' => $storageClass, 'location' => $location, $objects = $bucket->objects([ 'encryption' => [ 'defaultKmsKeyName' => null, ] printf('Created bucket %s in %s with storage class %s', $bucketName, $storageClass, $location); } ## Python from google.cloud import storage def create_bucket_class_location(bucket_name): Create a new bucket in the US region with the coldline storage class # bucket_name = "your-new-bucket-name" storage_client = storage.Client() bucket = storage_client.bucket(bucket_name) bucket.storage_class = "COLDLINE" new_bucket = storage_client.create_bucket(bucket, location="us") print( "Created bucket {} in {} with storage class format( new_bucket.name, new_bucket.location, new_bucket.storage_class ) ) return new_bucket ## Ruby def create_bucket_class_location bucket_name: # The ID to give your GCS bucket # bucket_name = "your-unique-bucket-name" require "google/cloud/storage" storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new bucket = storage.create_bucket bucket_name, location: "ASIA", storage_class: "COLDLINE" puts "Created bucket #{bucket.name} in #{bucket.location} with #{bucket.storage_class} class" end For more information, see the Cloud Storage C++ API reference documentation For more information, see the Cloud Storage C# API reference documentation For more information, see the Cloud Storage Go API reference documentation For more information, see the Cloud Storage Java API reference documentation For more information, see the Cloud Storage Node.js API reference documentation For more information, see the Cloud Storage PHP API reference documentation For more information, see the Cloud Storage Python API reference documentation For more information, see the Cloud Storage Ruby API reference documentation REST APIs JSON API - Get an authorization access token from the OAuth 2.0 Playground. Configure the playground to use your own OAuth credentials. For instructions, see API authentication Create a JSON file that assigns your website name to the nameproperty: { "name": "www.example.com" } Use cURLto call the JSON API. For www.example.com: curl -X POST --data-binary @website-bucket-name.json \ -H "Authorization: Bearer ya29.AHES6ZRVmB7fkLtd1XTmq6mo0S1wqZZi3-Lh_s-6Uw7p8vtgSwg" \ -H "Content-Type: application/json" \ "httpsstorage.googleapis.com/storage/v1/b?project=my-static-website" XML API - Get an authorization access token from the OAuth 2.0 Playground. Configure the playground to use your own OAuth credentials. For instructions, see API authentication Use cURLto call the XML API to create a bucket with your website name. For www.example.com: curl -X PUT \ -H "Authorization: Bearer ya29.AHES6ZRVmB7fkLtd1XTmq6mo0S1wqZZi3-Lh_s-6Uw7p8vtgSwg" \ -H "x-goog-project-id: my-static-website" \ "httpsstorage.googleapis.com/www.example.com" ## Uploading your site's files To add to your bucket the files you want your website to serve: Console - In the Google Cloud console, go to the Cloud Storage Bucketspage In the list of buckets, click on the name of the bucket that you created Click the Upload filesbutton in the Objectstab In the file dialog, browse to the desired file and select it After the upload completes, you should see the file name along with file information displayed in the bucket gsutil Use the gsutil cp command to copy files to your bucket. For example, to copy the file index.html from its current location Desktop: gsutil cp Desktop/index.html gswww.example.com If successful, the command returns: Copying fileDesktop/index.html [Content-Type=text/html Uploading gswww.example.com/index.html: 0 B/2.58 KiB Uploading gswww.example.com/index.html: 2.58 KiB/2.58 KiB Code samples For more information, see the Cloud Storage C++ API reference documentation The following sample uploads an object from a file: The following sample uploads an object from memory: For more information, see the Cloud Storage C# API reference documentation The following sample uploads an object from a file: The following sample uploads an object from memory: For more information, see the Cloud Storage Go API reference documentation The following sample uploads an object from a file: The following sample uploads an object from memory: For more information, see the Cloud Storage Java API reference documentation The following sample uploads an object from a file: The following sample uploads an object from memory: For more information, see the Cloud Storage Node.js API reference documentation The following sample uploads an object from a file: The following sample uploads an object from memory: For more information, see the Cloud Storage PHP API reference documentation The following sample uploads an object from a file: The following sample uploads an object from memory: For more information, see the Cloud Storage Python API reference documentation The following sample uploads an object from a file: The following sample uploads an object from memory: For more information, see the Cloud Storage Ruby API reference documentation The following sample uploads an object from a file: The following sample uploads an object from memory: ## C++ namespace gcs = ::google::cloud::storage; using ::google::cloud::StatusOr; gcs::Client client, std::string const& file_name, std::string const& bucket_name, std::string const& object_name) { // Note that the client library automatically computes a hash on the // client-side to verify data integrity during transmission StatusOr metadata = client.UploadFile( file_name, bucket_name, object_name, gcs::IfGenerationMatch(0 if (!metadata) throw std::runtime_error(metadata.statusmessage std::cout << "Uploaded " << file_name << " to object " << metadata->name() << " in bucket " << metadata->bucket() << " Full metadata: " << *metadata << " "; } namespace gcs = ::google::cloud::storage; using ::google::cloud::StatusOr; gcs::Client client, std::string const& bucket_name, std::string const& object_name) { std::string const text = "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet"; std::vector v(100, text); gcs::ObjectWriteStream stream = client.WriteObject(bucket_name, object_name); std::copy(v.begin v.end std::ostream_iterator(stream stream.Close StatusOr metadata = std::move(stream).metadata if (!metadata) throw std::runtime_error(metadata.statusmessage std::cout << "Successfully wrote to object " << metadata->name() << " its size is: " << metadata->size() << " Full metadata: " << *metadata << " "; } ## C# using Google.Cloud.Storage.V1; using System; using System.IO; public class UploadFileSample { public void UploadFile( string bucketName = "your-unique-bucket-name", string localPath = "my-local-path/my-file-name", string objectName = "my-file-name") { var storage = StorageClient.Create using var fileStream = File.OpenRead(localPath); storage.UploadObject(bucketName, objectName, null, fileStream); Console.WriteLineUploaded {objectName } } using Google.Cloud.Storage.V1; using System; using System.IO; using System.Text; public class UploadObjectFromMemorySample { public void UploadObjectFromMemory( string bucketName = "unique-bucket-name", string objectName = "file-name", string contents = "Hello world { var storage = StorageClient.Create byte[] byteArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(contents); MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream(byteArray); storage.UploadObject(bucketName, objectName, "application/octet-stream" , stream); Console.WriteLine {objectName} uploaded to bucket {bucketName} with contents: {contents } } ## Go import ( "context" "fmt" "io" "os" "time" "cloud.google.com/go/storage" ) // uploadFile uploads an object func uploadFile(w io.Writer, bucket, object string) error { // bucket := "bucket-name" // object := "object-name" ctx := context.Background() client, err := storage.NewClient(ctx) if err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("storage.NewClient: %v", err) } defer client.Close() // Open local file f, err := os.Open("notes.txt") if err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("os.Open: %v", err) } defer f.Close() ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, time.Second*50) defer cancel() o := client.Bucket(bucket).Object(object) // Optional: set a generation-match precondition to avoid potential race // conditions and data corruptions. The request to upload is aborted if the // object's generation number does not match your precondition // For an object that does not yet exist, set the DoesNotExist precondition o = o.If(storage.Conditions{DoesNotExist: true}) // If the live object already exists in your bucket, set instead a // generation-match precondition using the live object's generation number // attrs, err := o.Attrs(ctx) // if err != nil { // return fmt.Errorf("object.Attrs: %v", err) // } // o = o.If(storage.Conditions{GenerationMatch: attrs.Generation}) // Upload an object with storage.Writer wc := o.NewWriter(ctx) if _, err = io.Copy(wc, f); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("io.Copy: %v", err) } if err := wc.Close err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("Writer.Close: %v", err) } fmt.Fprintf(w, "Blob %v uploaded. ", object) return nil } import ( "bytes" "context" "fmt" "io" "time" "cloud.google.com/go/storage" ) // streamFileUpload uploads an object via a stream func streamFileUpload(w io.Writer, bucket, object string) error { // bucket := "bucket-name" // object := "object-name" ctx := context.Background() client, err := storage.NewClient(ctx) if err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("storage.NewClient: %v", err) } defer client.Close() b := []byte("Hello world buf := bytes.NewBuffer(b) ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, time.Second*50) defer cancel() // Upload an object with storage.Writer wc := client.Bucket(bucket).Object(object).NewWriter(ctx) wc.ChunkSize = 0 // note retries are not supported for chunk size 0 if _, err = io.Copy(wc, buf); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("io.Copy: %v", err) } // Data can continue to be added to the file until the writer is closed if err := wc.Close err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("Writer.Close: %v", err) } fmt.Fprintf(w, "%v uploaded to %v. ", object, bucket) return nil } ## Java import com.google.cloud.storage.BlobId; import com.google.cloud.storage.BlobInfo; import com.google.cloud.storage.Storage; import com.google.cloud.storage.StorageOptions; import java.io.IOException; import java.nio.file.Files; import java.nio.file.Paths; public class UploadObject { public static void uploadObject( String projectId, String bucketName, String objectName, String filePath) throws IOException { // The ID of your GCP project // String projectId = "your-project-id"; // The ID of your GCS bucket // String bucketName = "your-unique-bucket-name"; // The ID of your GCS object // String objectName = "your-object-name"; // The path to your file to upload // String filePath = "path/to/your/file" // Optional: set a generation-match precondition to avoid potential race // conditions and data corruptions. The request returns a 412 error if the // preconditions are not met // For a target object that does not yet exist, set the DoesNotExist precondition Storage.BlobTargetOption precondition = Storage.BlobTargetOption.doesNotExist // If the destination already exists in your bucket, instead set a generation-match // precondition: // Storage.BlobTargetOption precondition = Storage.BlobTargetOption.generationMatch Storage storage = StorageOptions.newBuildersetProjectId(projectId).buildgetService BlobId blobId = BlobId.of(bucketName, objectName); BlobInfo blobInfo = BlobInfo.newBuilder(blobId).build storage.create(blobInfo, Files.readAllBytes(Paths.get(filePath precondition); System.out.println( "File " + filePath + " uploaded to bucket " + bucketName + " as " + objectName); } } import com.google.cloud.storage.BlobId; import com.google.cloud.storage.BlobInfo; import com.google.cloud.storage.Storage; import com.google.cloud.storage.StorageOptions; import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets; public class UploadObjectFromMemory { public static void uploadObjectFromMemory( String projectId, String bucketName, String objectName, String contents) throws IOException { // The ID of your GCP project // String projectId = "your-project-id"; // The ID of your GCS bucket // String bucketName = "your-unique-bucket-name"; // The ID of your GCS object // String objectName = "your-object-name"; // The string of contents you wish to upload // String contents = "Hello world Storage storage = StorageOptions.newBuildersetProjectId(projectId).buildgetService BlobId blobId = BlobId.of(bucketName, objectName); BlobInfo blobInfo = BlobInfo.newBuilder(blobId).build byte[] content = contents.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8); storage.createFrom(blobInfo, new ByteArrayInputStream(content System.out.println( "Object " + objectName + " uploaded to bucket " + bucketName + " with contents " + contents); } } ## Node.js * TODO(developer): Uncomment the following lines before running the sample */ // The ID of your GCS bucket // const bucketName = 'your-unique-bucket-name'; // The path to your file to upload // const filePath = 'path/to/your/file'; // The new ID for your GCS file // const destFileName = 'your-new-file-name'; // Imports the Google Cloud client library const {Storage} = requiregoogle-cloud/storage // Creates a client const storage = new Storage async function uploadFile() { const options = { destination: destFileName, // Optional: // Set a generation-match precondition to avoid potential race conditions // and data corruptions. The request to upload is aborted if the object's // generation number does not match your precondition. For a destination // object that does not yet exist, set the ifGenerationMatch precondition to 0 // If the destination object already exists in your bucket, set instead a // generation-match precondition using its generation number preconditionOpts: {ifGenerationMatch: generationMatchPrecondition}, }; await storage.bucket(bucketName).upload(filePath, options); console.logfilePath} uploaded to ${bucketName } uploadFilecatch(console.error); * TODO(developer): Uncomment the following lines before running the sample */ // The ID of your GCS bucket // const bucketName = 'your-unique-bucket-name'; // The contents that you want to upload // const contents = 'these are my contents'; // The new ID for your GCS file // const destFileName = 'your-new-file-name'; // Imports the Google Cloud Node.js client library const {Storage} = requiregoogle-cloud/storage // Creates a client const storage = new Storage async function uploadFromMemory() { await storage.bucket(bucketName).file(destFileName).save(contents); console.log( destFileName} with contents ${contents} uploaded to ${bucketName ); } uploadFromMemorycatch(console.error); ## PHP use Google\Cloud\Storage\StorageClient; * Upload a file * * @param string $bucketName The name of your Cloud Storage bucket * (e.g. 'my-bucket') * @param string $objectName The name of your Cloud Storage object * (e.g. 'my-object') * @param string $source The path to the file to upload * (e.g. '/path/to/your/file') */ function upload_object(string $bucketName, string $objectName, string $source): void { $storage = new StorageClient $file = fopen($source, 'r $bucket = $storage->bucket($bucketName); $object = $bucket->upload($file, [ 'name' => $objectName printf('Uploaded %s to gss/%s' . PHP_EOL, basename($source), $bucketName, $objectName); } use Google\Cloud\Storage\StorageClient; * Upload an object from memory buffer * * @param string $bucketName The name of your Cloud Storage bucket * (e.g. 'my-bucket') * @param string $objectName The name of your Cloud Storage object * (e.g. 'my-object') * @param string $contents The contents to upload to the file * (e.g. 'these are my contents') */ function upload_object_from_memory( string $bucketName, string $objectName, string $contents ): void { $storage = new StorageClient $stream = fopen('datatext/plain,' . $contents, 'r $bucket = $storage->bucket($bucketName); $bucket->upload($stream, [ 'name' => $objectName, printf('Uploaded %s to gss/%s' . PHP_EOL, $contents, $bucketName, $objectName); } ## Python from google.cloud import storage def upload_blob(bucket_name, source_file_name, destination_blob_name): Uploads a file to the bucket # The ID of your GCS bucket # bucket_name = "your-bucket-name" # The path to your file to upload # source_file_name = "local/path/to/file" # The ID of your GCS object # destination_blob_name = "storage-object-name" storage_client = storage.Client() bucket = storage_client.bucket(bucket_name) blob = bucket.blob(destination_blob_name) blob.upload_from_filename(source_file_name) print( f"File {source_file_name} uploaded to {destination_blob_name ) from google.cloud import storage def upload_blob_from_memory(bucket_name, contents, destination_blob_name): Uploads a file to the bucket # The ID of your GCS bucket # bucket_name = "your-bucket-name" # The contents to upload to the file # contents = "these are my contents" # The ID of your GCS object # destination_blob_name = "storage-object-name" storage_client = storage.Client() bucket = storage_client.bucket(bucket_name) blob = bucket.blob(destination_blob_name) blob.upload_from_string(contents) print( f"{destination_blob_name} with contents {contents} uploaded to {bucket_name ) ## Ruby def upload_file bucket_name:, local_file_path:, file_name: nil # The ID of your GCS bucket # bucket_name = "your-unique-bucket-name" # The path to your file to upload # local_file_path = "/local/path/to/file.txt" # The ID of your GCS object # file_name = "your-file-name" require "google/cloud/storage" storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new bucket = storage.bucket bucket_name, skip_lookup: true file = bucket.create_file local_file_path, file_name puts "Uploaded #{local_file_path} as #{file.name} in bucket #{bucket_name}" end # The ID of your GCS bucket # bucket_name = "your-unique-bucket-name" # The ID of your GCS object # file_name = "your-file-name" # The contents to upload to your file # file_content = "Hello, world!" require "google/cloud/storage" storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new bucket = storage.bucket bucket_name, skip_lookup: true file = bucket.create_file StringIO.new(file_content), file_name puts "Uploaded file #{file.name} to bucket #{bucket_name} with content: #{file_content}" For more information, see the Cloud Storage C++ API reference documentation The following sample uploads an object from a file: The following sample uploads an object from memory: For more information, see the Cloud Storage C# API reference documentation The following sample uploads an object from a file: The following sample uploads an object from memory: For more information, see the Cloud Storage Go API reference documentation The following sample uploads an object from a file: The following sample uploads an object from memory: For more information, see the Cloud Storage Java API reference documentation The following sample uploads an object from a file: The following sample uploads an object from memory: For more information, see the Cloud Storage Node.js API reference documentation The following sample uploads an object from a file: The following sample uploads an object from memory: For more information, see the Cloud Storage PHP API reference documentation The following sample uploads an object from a file: The following sample uploads an object from memory: For more information, see the Cloud Storage Python API reference documentation The following sample uploads an object from a file: The following sample uploads an object from memory: For more information, see the Cloud Storage Ruby API reference documentation The following sample uploads an object from a file: The following sample uploads an object from memory: REST APIs JSON API - Get an authorization access token from the OAuth 2.0 Playground. Configure the playground to use your own OAuth credentials. For instructions, see API authentication Use cURLto call the JSON API with a POSTObject request. For the index page of www.example.com: curl -X POST --data-binary @index.html \ -H "Content-Type: text/html" \ -H "Authorization: Bearer ya29.AHES6ZRVmB7fkLtd1XTmq6mo0S1wqZZi3-Lh_s-6Uw7p8vtgSwg" \ "httpsstorage.googleapis.com/upload/storage/v1/b/www.example.com/o?uploadType=media&name=index.html" XML API - Get an authorization access token from the OAuth 2.0 Playground. Configure the playground to use your own OAuth credentials. For instructions, see API authentication Use cURLto call the XML API with a PUTObject request. For the index page of www.example.com: curl -X PUT --data-binary @index.html \ -H "Authorization: Bearer ya29.AHES6ZRVmB7fkLtd1XTmq6mo0S1wqZZi3-Lh_s-6Uw7p8vtgSwg" \ -H "Content-Type: text/html" \ "httpsstorage.googleapis.com/www.example.com/index.html" ## Sharing your files To make all objects in a bucket readable to everyone on the public internet: Console - In the Google Cloud console, go to the Cloud Storage Bucketspage In the list of buckets, click on the name of the bucket that you want to make public Select the Permissionstab near the top of the page Click the + Addbutton The Add principalsdialog box appears In the New principalsfield, enter allUsers In the Select a roledrop down, select the Cloud Storagesub-menu, and click the Storage Object Vieweroption Click Save Click Allow public access Once shareda **link** icon appears for each object in the *public access* column. You can click on this icon to get the URL for the object gsutil Use the gsutil iam ch command: gsutil iam ch allUsers:objectViewer gswww.example.com Code samples For more information, see the Cloud Storage C++ API reference documentation For more information, see the Cloud Storage Go API reference documentation For more information, see the Cloud Storage Java API reference documentation For more information, see the Cloud Storage Node.js API reference documentation For more information, see the Cloud Storage Python API reference documentation For more information, see the Cloud Storage Ruby API reference documentation ## C++ namespace gcs = ::google::cloud::storage; using ::google::cloud::StatusOr; gcs::Client client, std::string const& bucket_name) { auto current_policy = client.GetNativeBucketIamPolicy( bucket_name, gcs::RequestedPolicyVersion(3 if (!current_policy) { throw std::runtime_error(current_policy.statusmessage } current_policy->set_version(3); current_policy->bindingsemplace_back( gcs::NativeIamBinding("roles/storage.objectViewer", {"allUsers auto updated = client.SetNativeBucketIamPolicy(bucket_name, *current_policy); if (!updated) throw std::runtime_error(updated.statusmessage std::cout << "Policy successfully updated: " << *updated << " "; } ## Go import ( "context" "fmt" "io" "cloud.google.com/go/iam" "cloud.google.com/go/storage" iampb "google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/iam/v1" ) // setBucketPublicIAM makes all objects in a bucketreadable func setBucketPublicIAM(w io.Writer, bucketName string) error { // bucketName := "bucket-name" ctx := context.Background() client, err := storage.NewClient(ctx) if err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("storage.NewClient: %v", err) } defer client.Close() policy, err := client.Bucket(bucketName).IAMV3Policy(ctx) if err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("Bucket(%q).IAMV3Policy: %v", bucketName, err) } role := "roles/storage.objectViewer" policy.Bindings = append(policy.Bindings, &iampb.Binding{ Role: role, Members: []string{iam.AllUsers}, }) if err := client.Bucket(bucketName).IAMV3SetPolicy(ctx, policy); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("Bucket(%q).IAMSetPolicy: %v", bucketName, err) } fmt.Fprintf(w, "Bucket %v is nowreadable ", bucketName) return nil } ## Java import com.google.cloud.Identity; import com.google.cloud.Policy; import com.google.cloud.storage.Storage; import com.google.cloud.storage.StorageOptions; import com.google.cloud.storage.StorageRoles; public class MakeBucketPublic { public static void makeBucketPublic(String projectId, String bucketName) { // The ID of your GCP project // String projectId = "your-project-id"; // The ID of your GCS bucket // String bucketName = "your-unique-bucket-name"; Storage storage = StorageOptions.newBuildersetProjectId(projectId).buildgetService Policy originalPolicy = storage.getIamPolicy(bucketName); storage.setIamPolicy( bucketName, originalPolicy .toBuilder() .addIdentity(StorageRoles.objectViewer Identity.allUsers // All users can view .build System.out.println("Bucket " + bucketName + " is nowreadable } } ## Node.js * TODO(developer): Uncomment the following lines before running the sample */ // The ID of your GCS bucket // const bucketName = 'your-unique-bucket-name'; // Imports the Google Cloud client library const {Storage} = requiregoogle-cloud/storage // Creates a client const storage = new Storage async function makeBucketPublic() { await storage.bucket(bucketName).makePublic console.log(`Bucket ${bucketName} is nowreadable } makeBucketPubliccatch(console.error); ## Python from typing import List from google.cloud import storage def set_bucket_public_iam( bucket_name: str = "your-bucket-name", members: List[str] = ["allUsers ): Set a public IAM Policy to bucket # bucket_name = "your-bucket-name" storage_client = storage.Client() bucket = storage_client.bucket(bucket_name) policy = bucket.get_iam_policy(requested_policy_version=3) policy.bindings.append( {"role": "roles/storage.objectViewer", "members": members} ) bucket.set_iam_policy(policy) print(f"Bucket {bucket.name} is nowreadable") ## Ruby def set_bucket_public_iam bucket_name: # The ID of your GCS bucket # bucket_name = "your-unique-bucket-name" require "google/cloud/storage" storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new bucket = storage.bucket bucket_name bucket.policy do |p| p.add "roles/storage.objectViewer", "allUsers" end puts "Bucket #{bucket_name} is nowreadable" end For more information, see the Cloud Storage C++ API reference documentation For more information, see the Cloud Storage Go API reference documentation For more information, see the Cloud Storage Java API reference documentation For more information, see the Cloud Storage Node.js API reference documentation For more information, see the Cloud Storage Python API reference documentation For more information, see the Cloud Storage Ruby API reference documentation REST APIs JSON API - Get an authorization access token from the OAuth 2.0 Playground. Configure the playground to use your own OAuth credentials. For instructions, see API authentication Create a JSON file that contains the following information: { "bindings { "role": "roles/storage.objectViewer", "membersallUsers"] } ] } Use cURLto call the JSON API with a PUTBucket request: curl -X PUT --data-binary @ JSON_FILE_NAME\ -H "Authorization: Bearer OAUTH2_TOKEN" \ -H "Content-Type: application/json" \ "httpsstorage.googleapis.com/storage/v1/b/ BUCKET_NAME/iam" Where: is the path for the JSON file that you created in Step 2 JSON_FILE_NAME is the access token you created in Step 1 OAUTH2_TOKEN is the name of the bucket whose objects you want to make public. For example, BUCKET_NAME my-bucket - XML API Making all objects in a bucketreadable is not supported by the XML API. Use gsutil or the JSON API instead You can make groups of objects in your bucketaccessible, but generally, making all files in your bucketaccessible is easier and faster Visitors receive a http 403 response code when requesting the URL for a non-public or non-existent file. See the next section for information on how to add an error page that uses a http 404 response code ## Recommended: Assigning specialty pages You can assign an index page suffix, which is controlled by the MainPageSuffix property and a custom error page, which is controlled by the NotFoundPage property. Assigning either is optional, but without an index page, nothing is served when users access your top-level site, for example, httpwww.example.com. For more information, see Website configuration examples In the following sample, the MainPageSuffix is set to index.html and NotFoundPage is set to 404.html: Console - In the Google Cloud console, go to the Cloud Storage Bucketspage In the list of buckets, find the bucket you created Click the Bucket overflowmenu ( ) associated with the bucket and select Edit website configuration In the website configuration dialog, specify the main page and error page Click Save gsutil Use the gsutil web set command to set the MainPageSuffix property with the -m flag and the NotFoundPage with the -e flag: gsutil web set -m index.html -e 404.html gswww.example.com If successful, the command returns: Setting website config on gswww.example.com Code samples For more information, see the Cloud Storage C++ API reference documentation For more information, see the Cloud Storage C# API reference documentation For more information, see the Cloud Storage Go API reference documentation For more information, see the Cloud Storage Java API reference documentation For more information, see the Cloud Storage Node.js API reference documentation For more information, see the Cloud Storage PHP API reference documentation For more information, see the Cloud Storage Python API reference documentation For more information, see the Cloud Storage Ruby API reference documentation ## C++ namespace gcs = ::google::cloud::storage; using ::google::cloud::StatusOr; gcs::Client client, std::string const& bucket_name, std::string const& main_page_suffix, std::string const& not_found_page) { StatusOr original = client.GetBucketMetadata(bucket_name); if (!original) throw std::runtime_error(original.statusmessage StatusOr patched_metadata = client.PatchBucket( bucket_name, gcs::BucketMetadataPatchBuilderSetWebsite( gcs::BucketWebsite{main_page_suffix, not_found_page gcs::IfMetagenerationMatch(original->metageneration if (!patched_metadata) { throw std::runtime_error(patched_metadata.statusmessage } if (!patched_metadata->has_website { std::cout << "Static website configuration is not set for bucket " << patched_metadata->name() << " "; return; } std::cout << "Static website configuration successfully set for bucket " << patched_metadata->name() << " New main page suffix is: " << patched_metadata->websitemain_page_suffix << " New not found page is: " << patched_metadata->websitenot_found_page << " "; } ## C# using Google.Apis.Storage.v1.Data; using Google.Cloud.Storage.V1; using System; public class BucketWebsiteConfigurationSample { public Bucket BucketWebsiteConfiguration( string bucketName = "your-bucket-name", string mainPageSuffix = "index.html", string notFoundPage = "404.html") { var storage = StorageClient.Create var bucket = storage.GetBucket(bucketName); if (bucket.Website == null) { bucket.Website = new Bucket.WebsiteData } bucket.Website.MainPageSuffix = mainPageSuffix; bucket.Website.NotFoundPage = notFoundPage; bucket = storage.UpdateBucket(bucket); Console.WriteLineStatic website bucket {bucketName} is set up to use {mainPageSuffix} as the index page and {notFoundPage} as the 404 not found page return bucket; } } ## Go import ( "context" "fmt" "io" "time" "cloud.google.com/go/storage" ) // setBucketWebsiteInfo sets website configuration on a bucket func setBucketWebsiteInfo(w io.Writer, bucketName, indexPage, notFoundPage string) error { // bucketName := "www.example.com" // indexPage := "index.html" // notFoundPage := "404.html" ctx := context.Background() client, err := storage.NewClient(ctx) if err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("storage.NewClient: %v", err) } defer client.Close() ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, time.Second*10) defer cancel() bucket := client.Bucket(bucketName) bucketAttrsToUpdate := storage.BucketAttrsToUpdate{ Website: &storage.BucketWebsite{ MainPageSuffix: indexPage, NotFoundPage: notFoundPage, }, } if _, err := bucket.Update(ctx, bucketAttrsToUpdate); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("Bucket(%q).Update: %v", bucketName, err) } fmt.Fprintf(w, "Static website bucket %v is set up to use %v as the index page and %v as the 404 page ", bucketName, indexPage, notFoundPage) return nil } ## Java import com.google.cloud.storage.Bucket; import com.google.cloud.storage.Storage; import com.google.cloud.storage.StorageOptions; public class SetBucketWebsiteInfo { public static void setBucketWesbiteInfo( String projectId, String bucketName, String indexPage, String notFoundPage) { // The ID of your GCP project // String projectId = "your-project-id"; // The ID of your static website bucket // String bucketName = "www.example.com"; // The index page for a static website bucket // String indexPage = "index.html"; // The 404 page for a static website bucket // String notFoundPage = "404.html"; Storage storage = StorageOptions.newBuildersetProjectId(projectId).buildgetService Bucket bucket = storage.get(bucketName); bucket.toBuildersetIndexPage(indexPage).setNotFoundPage(notFoundPage).buildupdate System.out.println( "Static website bucket " + bucketName + " is set up to use " + indexPage + " as the index page and " + notFoundPage + " as the 404 page } } ## Node.js * TODO(developer): Uncomment the following lines before running the sample */ // The ID of your GCS bucket // const bucketName = 'your-unique-bucket-name'; // The name of the main page // const mainPageSuffix = 'httpexample.com'; // The Name of a 404 page // const notFoundPage = 'httpexample.com/404.html'; // Imports the Google Cloud client library const {Storage} = requiregoogle-cloud/storage // Creates a client const storage = new Storage async function addBucketWebsiteConfiguration() { await storage.bucket(bucketName).setMetadata({ website: { mainPageSuffix, notFoundPage, }, console.log( `Static website bucket ${bucketName} is set up to use ${mainPageSuffix} as the index page and ${notFoundPage} as the 404 page` ); } addBucketWebsiteConfigurationcatch(console.error); ## PHP use Google\Cloud\Storage\StorageClient; * Update the given bucket's website configuration * * @param string $bucketName The name of your Cloud Storage bucket * (e.g. 'my-bucket') * @param string $indexPageObject the name of an object in the bucket to use as * (e.g. 'index.html') * an index page for a static website bucket * @param string $notFoundPageObject the name of an object in the bucket to use * (e.g. '404.html') * as the 404 Not Found page */ function define_bucket_website_configuration(string $bucketName, string $indexPageObject, string $notFoundPageObject): void { $storage = new StorageClient $bucket = $storage->bucket($bucketName); $bucket->update([ 'website' => [ 'mainPageSuffix' => $indexPageObject, 'notFoundPage' => $notFoundPageObject ] printf( 'Static website bucket %s is set up to use %s as the index page and %s as the 404 page $bucketName, $indexPageObject, $notFoundPageObject ); } ## Python from google.cloud import storage def define_bucket_website_configuration(bucket_name, main_page_suffix, not_found_page): Configure website-related properties of bucket # bucket_name = "your-bucket-name" # main_page_suffix = "index.html" # not_found_page = "404.html" storage_client = storage.Client() bucket = storage_client.get_bucket(bucket_name) bucket.configure_website(main_page_suffix, not_found_page) bucket.patch() print( "Static website bucket {} is set up to use {} as the index page and {} as the 404 page".format( bucket.name, main_page_suffix, not_found_page ) ) return bucket ## Ruby def define_bucket_website_configuration bucket_name:, main_page_suffix:, not_found_page: # The ID of your static website bucket # bucket_name = "www.example.com" # The index page for a static website bucket # main_page_suffix = "index.html" # The 404 page for a static website bucket # not_found_page = "404.html" require "google/cloud/storage" storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new bucket = storage.bucket bucket_name bucket.update do |b| b.website_main = main_page_suffix b.website_404 = not_found_page end puts "Static website bucket #{bucket_name} is set up to use #{main_page_suffix} as the index page and " not_found_page} as the 404 page" end For more information, see the Cloud Storage C++ API reference documentation For more information, see the Cloud Storage C# API reference documentation For more information, see the Cloud Storage Go API reference documentation For more information, see the Cloud Storage Java API reference documentation For more information, see the Cloud Storage Node.js API reference documentation For more information, see the Cloud Storage PHP API reference documentation For more information, see the Cloud Storage Python API reference documentation For more information, see the Cloud Storage Ruby API reference documentation REST APIs JSON API - Get an authorization access token from the OAuth 2.0 Playground. Configure the playground to use your own OAuth credentials. For instructions, see API authentication Create a JSON file that sets the mainPageSuffixand notFoundPageproperties in a websiteobject to the desired pages: { "website "mainPageSuffix": "index.html", "notFoundPage": "404.html" } } Use cURLto call the JSON API with a PATCHBucket request. For www.example.com: curl -X PATCH --data-binary @web-config.json \ -H "Authorization: Bearer ya29.AHES6ZRVmB7fkLtd1XTmq6mo0S1wqZZi3-Lh_s-6Uw7p8vtgSwg" \ -H "Content-Type: application/json" \ "httpsstorage.googleapis.com/storage/v1/b/www.example.com" XML API - Get an authorization access token from the OAuth 2.0 Playground. Configure the playground to use your own OAuth credentials. For instructions, see API authentication Create an XML file that sets the MainPageSuffixand NotFoundPageelements in a WebsiteConfigurationelement to the desired pages: index.html 404.html Use cURLto call the XML API with a PUTBucket request and websiteConfigquery string parameter. For www.example.com: curl -X PUT --data-binary @web-config.xml \ -H "Authorization: Bearer ya29.AHES6ZRVmB7fkLtd1XTmq6mo0S1wqZZi3-Lh_s-6Uw7p8vtgSwg" \ httpsstorage.googleapis.com/www.example.com?websiteConfig ## Testing the website Verify that content is served from the bucket by requesting the domain name in a browser. You can do this with a path to an object or with just the domain name, if you set the MainPageSuffix property For example, if you have an object named test.html stored in a bucket named www.example.com, check that it's accessible by going to www.example.com/test.html in your browser ## Clean up After you finish the tutorial, you can clean up the resources that you created so that they stop using quota and incurring charges. The following sections describe how to delete or turn off these resources Deleting the project The easiest way to eliminate billing is to delete the project that you created for the tutorial To delete the project: - In the Google Cloud console, go to the Manage resourcespage - In the project list, select the project that you want to delete, and then click Delete - In the dialog, type the project ID, and then click downto delete the project ## What's next - See examples and tips for using buckets to host a static website - Visit the troubleshooting section for hosting a static website - Learn about hosting static assets for a dynamic website - Go more in-depth with the Cloud Storage Office Hours for hosting a static website - Learn about all web serving options - Try other Google Cloud tutorials that use Cloud Storage.