Iseva ye-bare-metal iyisiphakeli sekhompuyutha esingokoqobo esisetshenziswa umthengi oyedwa, noma isiqashi, kuphela.[1] Iseva ngayinye ehlinzekwayo ukuze iqashwe iyingxenye ebonakalayo yehadiwe eyiseva esebenzayo iyodwa. Akuwona amaseva abonakalayo asebenza ngezingcezu eziningi zehadiwe okwabiwe

Leli gama lisetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwamaseva angabamba abaqashi abaningi futhi asebenzisa ukubona nokusingathwa kwamafu.[2] Ngokungafani namaseva angenalutho, amaseva amafu abiwa phakathi kwabaqashi abaningi. Iseva ngayinye ye-bare-metal ingase isebenzise noma yiliphi inani lomsebenzi kumsebenzisi, noma ibe nabasebenzisi abaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, kodwa inikezelwe ngokuphelele ebhizinisini eliqashayo.

Ama-Hypervisors ahlinzeka ngokuhlukaniswa okuthile phakathi kwabaqashi kodwa kusengaba khona umthelela womakhelwane onomsindo.[3] Uma iseva ebonakalayo iqashwe kaningi, iziqongo zomthwalo osuka kumqashi oyedwa zingasebenzisa izinsiza zomshini ezanele ukuze zithinte isikhashana abanye abaqashi. Njengoba abaqashi behlukanisiwe ngenye indlela, kunzima futhi ukuphatha noma ukulayisha ibhalansi lokhu. Iziphakeli ze-Bare-metal, kanye nokuqasha okukodwa, kungakugwema lokhu.[2] Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-hypervisors ahlinzeka ngokuhlukaniswa okubuthakathaka futhi ayingozi kakhulu ekubukeni kwezokuphepha uma kuqhathaniswa nokusebenzisa imishini ehlukene. Abahlaseli bahlale bethola ubungozi ku-software yokuzihlukanisa (njengama-hypervisors), iziteshi ezifihlekile azikwazi ukumelana nazo ngaphandle kwemishini ehlukene ngokomzimba, futhi izingxenyekazi zehadiwe ezabiwe zisengozini yokulimala ezindleleni zokuvikela ihadiwe njenge-Rowhammer, i-Specter, ne-Meltdown.[4] Njengoba, futhi, izindleko zeseva ziyehla njengengxenye yezindleko eziphelele zobunikazi ngokumelene nokuphathwa kwazo, isixazululo sakudala 'sokuphonsa ihadiwe enkingeni'siqala ukusebenza futhi.

Ingqalasizinda Njengesevisi, ikakhulukazi ngeNgqalasizinda Njengekhodi, inikeza izinzuzo eziningi zokwenza ukusingathwa kulawuleke kalula. Ukuhlanganisa izici zakho kokubili ukusingathwa kwamafu, namaseva angenalutho, kunikeza okuningi kwalokhu, kuyilapho kudlulisa izinzuzo zokusebenza.[5] Le minikelo yamafu ibizwa nangokuthi i-Bare-Metal-as-a-Service (BMaaS)

Amanye amaseva amafu ensimbi angase asebenzise i-hypervisor noma iziqukathi, isb., ukwenza ukunakekelwa kube lula noma ukunikeza izendlalelo ezengeziwe zokuzihlukanisa.[4]

Qaphela ukuthi umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinsizakalo kanye neminikelo evamile yeseva ezinikele ikhono lomsebenzisi lokuhlinzeka ngezingqalasizinda ezakhiwe ngamaseva amaningi, inethiwekhi eyinkimbinkimbi nokusetha isitoreji kunokuba amaseva ahlukaniswe wodwa.
Zombili izinkundla zezohwebo nemithombo evulekile zikhona ezivumela izinkampani ukuthi zizakhele ezazo ezizimele ze-Bare-Metal

Isofthiwe ye-BMaaS ngokuvamile ithatha ukulawula umjikelezo wempilo wezinto zokusebenza endaweni yedatha (I-Compute, Storage and Network Switches, Firewalls, Loadbalancers nezinye. Inika amandla opharetha be-datacenter ukuthi bakhiphe umsebenzi omningi owenziwe ngesandla ngokuvamile ohlotshaniswa nokuphakelwa kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha. Futhi yehlisa ukumosha ukwenza kube lula ukuphinda kusetshenziswe futhi kukhuphule ukuvikeleka ngokufaka ukuhlanza okuzenzakalelayo kanye nokuhlukaniswa okuzenzakalelayo phakathi kwabaqashi ezingeni lenethiwekhi. Ngokukhulayo isofthiwe ye-BMaaS isetshenziswa ngaphakathi ukuze kwehliswe izindleko ezihambisana nokuphathwa komjikelezo wokuphila kwezinto zokusebenza zezinkampani ezinenqwaba yamaseva.[6]

Isoftware ye-BMaaS ihlose ukwenza lula ukuphathwa kwehadiwe futhi ivumele ukusetshenziswa kwayo njengesevisi. Iphatha ngokuyinhloko isendlalelo esingezansi kwesixazululo esihlanganisiwe noma esisekelwe esitsheni. Ivamise ukusebenzisana nezendlalelo ezingenhla ngokuhlanganisa okufana ne-Kubernetes cluster autoscaler.[7]

I-BMaaS Software inenjongo efanayo yengqalasizinda ehlukanisiwe yeComposable ngoba ihlose ukunikeza umsebenzisi ikhono "lokuqamba"iyunithi yekhompiyutha efiselekayo echazwa njengesethi yezinsiza (ezifana neKhompuyutha noma Isitoreji). Umehluko ukuthi isitoreji nokubala akudingekile "kungahlukaniswa"(kufinyelelwe ngaphandle kweyunithi yeseva) njengoba lokhu ngokuvamile kudinga izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezikhethekile. Esikhundleni salokho, umphumela ofanayo ufinyelelwa ngehardware engaphandle kweshalofu ngokukhetha iseva efanayo efana nezici ezifiselekayo (i-RAM, ama-CPU Cores, umthamo weDiski yasendaweni, i-GPU, i-FPGA, i-SmartNICs) kusuka kuseva yamaseva nokulungisa kabusha inethiwekhi ukuze ukuthi iseva ijoyina ezinye ezifakwe umqashi

Qaphela ukuthi kwezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo, ingxenye yesitoreji ingaphandle kumasistimu asebenzisa i-iSCSI ifiphalisa imigqa phakathi kwe-BMaaS nengqalasizinda eComposable. Lokhu kuvumela umsebenzisi ukuthi akhethe usayizi nokusebenza kwesitoreji se-node ngendlela efana nengqalasizinda ebonakalayo yakudala njengeminikelo Yesevisi. Lokhu kunenzuzo yokuhlukahluka okuphansi (i-snowflaking) echibini le-hardware kanye nethuba lokufuduka ngokushesha kusuka kumshini owodwa kuya kwenye uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka kwehadiwe.

Njengoba imisebenzi emisha efana nokungathandwa kwabathelisi esikubona, I-Mixed Reality, Izimoto Ezixhumene, I-Telerobotics iya ikhula kanjalo nesidingo sezinsizakalo zamafu ezibambezeleke kancane kanjalo nesidingo se-Edge Computing.[8]
I-Bare Metal kanye nesofthiwe ye-BMaaS automation isetshenziselwa ukuqaliswa kwe-Edge Cloud, lapho izinombolo ezinkulu zezikhungo zedatha ezincane zidinga ukwenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo bese zisetshenziswa njengesevisi nalapho isevisi idinga ukunikeza ukubambezeleka okuphansi kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka.[9]

Ngesinye isikhathi, wonke amaseva ayengamaseva angenalutho. Amaseva ayegcinwa emagcekeni futhi ngokuvamile abe ngawenhlangano ewasebenzisayo futhi ewasebenzisa. Amasistimu okusebenza athuthukiswa ekuqaleni kwawo-1960s ukuze avumele ukwabelana kwesikhathi. Amakhompuyutha amakhulu angawodwa, ama-mainframes noma ama-minis, ayevamise ukugcinwa ezindaweni ezimaphakathi kanye nezinsiza zabo zabelwana nge-bureau. Ukushintshela kuma-PC wempahla eshibhile ngeminyaka yawo-1980 kwakushintsha lokhu njengoba imakethe yayikhula, futhi izinhlangano eziningi, ngisho nezincane kakhulu, zaqala ukuthenga noma ukuqasha amakhompyutha azo. Ukukhula okudumile kwe-inthanethi, futhi ikakhulukazi iwebhu, ngeminyaka yawo-1990s kwakhuthaza umkhuba wokubamba ezikhungweni zedatha, lapho amakhasimende amaningi abebelana ngezinsiza zamaseva angawodwa. Amaseva ewebhu amancane ngalesi sikhathi ngokuvamile abiza kakhulu ngokuxhunywa kwawo kunezindleko zawo zehadiwe, okukhuthaza lokhu kufakwa endaweni eyodwa. Ikhono le-HTTP 1.1 lokubamba okubonakalayo liphinde lenze kwaba lula ukubamba amawebhusayithi amaningi kuseva efanayo.

Kusukela cishe ngo-2000, noma ngo-2005 ngokwemibandela yezohwebo, isithakazelo sakhula ekusetshenzisweni kwamaseva abonakalayo kanye nokusingathwa kwamafu, lapho Ingqalasizinda Njengesevisi yenza isevisi yekhompuyutha yaba yimpahla ekhungathekayo, esikhundleni sezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha zeseva. Ama-Hypervisors athuthukiswa anganikeza imishini eminingi ebonakalayo ebanjwe kumaseva amakhulu omzimba. Iphethini yokulayisha yabasebenzisi abaningi kudala yaqashelwa njengeshelela kakhulu kunabasebenzisi abangabodwana, ngakho le mishini ebonakalayo ingasebenzisa kahle kakhulu ihadiwe engokoqobo nezindleko zayo, kuyilapho ibonakala inokusebenza okuphezulu komuntu ngamunye kunokwabelana ngezindleko okulula. phakamisa

Omunye wokhokho bokunikezwa kwensimbi engenalutho yi-Cobbler_(software) eyavela ngeminyaka yawo-1990s futhi isebenzisa umthetho olandelwayo we-Preboot Execution Environment (PXE). Kusukela lapho abahlinzeki bamafu abahlukahlukene bebezakhela ezabo izitaki zasendlini ukuze banikeze okuhlukile kwamaseva azinikezele noma iminikelo yamafu yensimbi engenalutho efana nale:
⢠Ingxenye ka-April 2015 ye-OpenStack Ironic yethulwe njengengxenye yokukhishwa kwe-Kilo. [10]
â ¢ May 2020 Packet ikhiphe ingxenye yesitaki sabo njengoTinkerbell[12]
â                                                                          Juni 2020 i-MetalSoft yethulwa ukuze ihwebe ngesitaki esingemuva kwe-Bigstep Cloud. [13]

Izibonelo ze-BMaaS Software kokubili umthombo ovulekile kanye nezohwebo: