= Iseva yensimbi engenalutho =
A
**iseva ye-bare-metal **iseva yekhompuyutha ephathekayo esetshenziswa umthengi oyedwa, noma isiqashi, kuphela. [1] Iseva ngayinye ehlinzekwayo ukuze iqashwe iwucezu olubonakalayo oluhlukile lwehadiwe okuyiseva esebenzayo iyodwa. Akuwona amaseva abonakalayo asebenza ngezingcezu eziningi zehadiwe okwabiwe

Leli gama lisetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwamaseva angabamba abaqashi abaningi futhi asebenzisa ukubona nokusingathwa kwamafu

[2] Ngokungafani namaseva angenalutho, amaseva amafu abiwa phakathi kwabaqashi abaningi. Iseva ngayinye ye-bare-metal ingase isebenzise noma yiliphi inani lomsebenzi kumsebenzisi, noma ibe nabasebenzisi abaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, kodwa inikezelwe ngokuphelele ebhizinisini eliqashayo.

== Ukukhulumela kwensimbi engenalutho[hlela] ==
Ama-Hypervisors ahlinzeka ngokuhlukaniswa okuthile phakathi kwabaqashi kepha kusengaba nomsindo kamakhelwane

[3] Uma iseva engokoqobo iqashwe kaningi, iziqongo zomthwalo ovela kumqashi oyedwa zingase zisebenzise izinsiza zomshini ezanele ukuze zithinte isikhashana abanye abaqashi. Njengoba abaqashi behlukanisiwe ngenye indlela, kunzima futhi ukuphatha noma ukulayisha ibhalansi lokhu. Amaseva e-Bare-metal, kanye nokuqasha okukodwa, kungakugwema lokhu. [2] Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-hypervisors ahlinzeka ngokuhlukaniswa okubuthakathaka futhi ayingozi kakhulu endaweni yokubuka yezokuphepha uma kuqhathaniswa nokusebenzisa imishini ehlukene. Abahlaseli bebelokhu bethola ubungozi ku-software yokuzihlukanisa (njengama-hypervisors), iziteshi ezifihlekile azikwazi ukumelana nazo ngaphandle kwemishini ehlukene ngokomzimba, futhi izingxenyekazi zehadiwe ezabiwe zisengozini yokulimala ezindleleni zokuvikela ihadiwe njenge-Rowhammer, i-Specter, ne-Meltdown. [4] Njengoba, futhi, izindleko zeseva ziyehla njengengxenye yezindleko eziphelele zobunikazi ngokumelene nokuphathwa kwazo, isixazululo sakudala 'sokuphonsa ihadiwe enkingeni'siqala ukusebenza futhi.

== Ukusingathwa kwamafu okungenalutho[hlela] ==
Amaseva e-Bare-metal cloud awasebenzisi i-hypervisor, awasetshenziswanga -- kodwa asengalethwa ngemodeli yesevisi efana nefu.â Gopala Tumuluri,
Maviki Onke Ekhompyutha [5]
Ingqalasizinda Njengesevisi, ikakhulukazi ngeNgqalasizinda Njengekhodi, inikeza izinzuzo eziningi zokwenza ukusingathwa kulawuleke kalula. Ukuhlanganisa izici zakho kokubili ukusingathwa kwamafu, namaseva angenalutho, kunikeza okuningi kwalokhu, kuyilapho kusadlulisa izinzuzo zokusebenza.

[5] Le minikelo yamafu ibizwa nangokuthi i-Bare-Metal-as-a-Service (BMaaS)

Amanye amaseva amafu ensimbi angase asebenzise i-hypervisor noma iziqukathi, isb., ukwenza ukunakekelwa kube lula noma ukunikeza izendlalelo ezengeziwe zokuzihlukanisa

[4]
Qaphela ukuthi umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinsizakalo kanye neminikelo evamile yeseva ezinikele ikhono lomsebenzisi lokuhlinzeka ngezingqalasizinda ezakhiwe ngamaseva amaningi, inethiwekhi eyinkimbinkimbi nokusetha isitoreji kunokuba amaseva ahlukaniswe wodwa.

== Isofthiwe yefu ye-Bare-Metal[hlela] ==
Zombili izinkundla zezohwebo nemithombo evulekile zikhona ezivumela izinkampani ukuthi zizakhele ezazo eziyimfihlo ze-Bare-Metal

Isofthiwe ye-BMaaS ngokuvamile ithatha ukulawula umjikelezo wempilo wezinto zokusebenza endaweni yedatha (I-Compute, Storage and Network Switches, Firewalls, Loadbalancers nezinye. Inika amandla opharetha be-datacenter ukuthi bakhiphe umsebenzi omningi owenziwe ngesandla ngokuvamile ohlotshaniswa nokuphakelwa kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha. Futhi yehlisa ukumosha ukwenza lula ukuphinda kusetshenziswe futhi kukhuphule ukuvikeleka ngokufaka ukuhlanza okuzenzakalelayo kanye nokuhlukaniswa okuzenzakalelayo phakathi kwabaqashi ezingeni lenethiwekhi. Ngokukhulayo isofthiwe ye-BMaaS isetshenziswa ngaphakathi ukuze kwehliswe izindleko ezihambisana nokuphathwa komjikelezo wempilo wemishini yezinkampani ezinemikhumbi emikhulu yamaseva.

[6]
Isoftware ye-BMaaS ihlose ukwenza lula ukuphathwa kwehadiwe futhi ivumele ukusetshenziswa kwayo njengesevisi. Iphatha ngokuyinhloko isendlalelo esingezansi kwesisombululo esihlanganisiwe noma esisekelwe esitsheni. Ivamise ukusebenzisana nezendlalelo ezingenhla ngokuhlanganiswa okufana ne-Kubernetes cluster autoscaler

[7]
== Ukuqhathaniswa nengqalasizinda Ehlanganisiwe Ehlukanisekayo[hlela] ==
I-BMaaS Software inenjongo efanayo yengqalasizinda ehlukanisiwe yeComposable ngoba ihlose ukunikeza umsebenzisi ikhono "lokuqamba"iyunithi yekhompiyutha efiselekayo echazwa njengesethi yezinsiza (ezifana neKhompuyutha noma Isitoreji). Umehluko ukuthi isitoreji nokubala akudingekile "kungahlukaniswa"(kufinyelelwe ngaphandle kweyunithi yeseva) njengoba lokhu ngokuvamile kudinga izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezikhethekile. Esikhundleni salokho, umphumela ofanayo ufinyelelwa ngehardware engaphandle kweshalofu ngokukhetha iseva efanayo efana nezici ezifiselekayo (i-RAM, ama-CPU Cores, umthamo weDiski yasendaweni, i-GPU, i-FPGA, i-SmartNICs) kusuka kuseva yamaseva nokulungisa kabusha inethiwekhi ukuze ukuthi iseva ijoyina ezinye ezifakwe umqashi

Qaphela ukuthi kwezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo, ingxenye yesitoreji ingaphandle kumasistimu asebenzisa i-iSCSI ifiphalisa imigqa phakathi kwe-BMaaS nengqalasizinda eComposable. Lokhu kuvumela umsebenzisi ukuthi akhethe usayizi nokusebenza kwesitoreji se-node ngendlela efana nengqalasizinda ebonakalayo yakudala njengeminikelo Yesevisi. Lokhu kunenzuzo yokuhlukahluka okuphansi (i-snowflaking) echibini le-hardware kanye nethuba lokufuduka ngokushesha kusuka kumshini owodwa kuya kwenye uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka kwehadiwe.

== Sebenzisa ku-Edge computing[hlela] ==
Njengoba imithwalo yemisebenzi emisha efana ne-Augmented reality, I-Mixed Reality, Izimoto Ezixhumene, i-Telerobotics idlondlobala kanjalo nesidingo sezinsizakalo zamafu ezibambezelekayo kanjalo nesidingo se-Edge Computing

[8]
I-Bare Metal kanye ne-software ye-BMaaS automation isetshenziselwa ukuqaliswa kwe-Edge Cloud, lapho izinombolo ezinkulu zezikhungo zedatha ezincane zidinga ukwenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo bese zisetshenziswa njengesevisi nalapho isevisi idinga ukunikeza ukubambezeleka okuphansi kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka.

[9]
== Umlando[hlela] ==
Ngesinye isikhathi, wonke amaseva ayengamaseva angenalutho. Amaseva ayegcinwa emagcekeni futhi ngokuvamile abe ngawenhlangano ewasebenzisayo futhi ewasebenzisa. Amasistimu okusebenza athuthukiswa ekuqaleni kwawo-1960s ukuze avumele ukwabelana kwesikhathi. Amakhompuyutha amakhulu angawodwa, ama-mainframes noma ama-minis, ayevamise ukugcinwa ezindaweni ezimaphakathi kanye nezinsiza zabo zabelwana nge-bureau. Ukushintshela kuma-PC wempahla eshibhile ngeminyaka yawo-1980 kwakushintsha lokhu njengoba imakethe yayikhula, futhi izinhlangano eziningi, ngisho nezincane kakhulu, zaqala ukuthenga noma ukuqasha amakhompyutha azo. Ukukhula okudumile kwe-inthanethi, futhi ikakhulukazi iwebhu, ngeminyaka yawo-1990s kwakhuthaza umkhuba wokubamba ezikhungweni zedatha, lapho amakhasimende amaningi abebelana ngezinsiza zamaseva angawodwa. Amaseva ewebhu amancane ngalesi sikhathi ngokuvamile abiza kakhulu ngokuxhunywa kwawo kunezindleko zawo zehadiwe, okukhuthaza lokhu kufakwa endaweni eyodwa. Ikhono le-HTTP 1.1 lokubamba okubonakalayo liphinde lenze kwaba lula ukubamba amawebhusayithi amaningi kuseva efanayo.

Kusukela cishe ngo-2000, noma ngo-2005 ngokwemibandela yezohwebo, intshisekelo yakhula ekusetshenzisweni kwamaseva abonakalayo kanye nokusingathwa kwamafu, lapho Ingqalasizinda Njengesevisi yenza ikhompuyutha.
*isevisi* impahla ekhungathekayo, kunezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha zeseva. Ama-Hypervisors athuthukiswa anganikeza imishini eminingi ebonakalayo ebanjwe kumaseva amakhulu omzimba. Iphethini yokulayisha yabasebenzisi abaningi kudala yaqashelwa njengeshelela kakhulu kunabasebenzisi abangabodwana, ngakho le mishini ebonakalayo ingasebenzisa kahle kakhulu ihadiwe engokoqobo nezindleko zayo, kuyilapho ibonakala inokusebenza okuphezulu komuntu ngamunye kunokwabelana ngezindleko okulula. phakamisa

Omunye wokhokho bokunikezwa kwensimbi engenalutho yi-Cobbler_(software) eyavela ngeminyaka yawo-1990s futhi isebenzisa umthetho olandelwayo we-Preboot Execution Environment (PXE). Kusukela lapho abahlinzeki bamafu abahlukahlukene bebezakhela ezabo izitaki zasendlini ukuze banikeze okuhlukile kwamaseva azinikezele noma iminikelo yamafu yensimbi engenalutho efana nale:
- Ephreli 2015 ingxenye ye-OpenStack Ironic yethulwa njengengxenye yokukhishwa kwe-Kilo

[10]
- Mashi 2020, i-Equinix ithole umhlinzeki wamafu wensimbi angenalutho Packet
[11]
ngo-$335 million

- May 2020 Packet ukhiphe ingxenye yesitaki sabo njengoTinkerbell
[12]
- Juni 2020 i-MetalSoft yethulwa ukuze kwenziwe uhwebo ngesitaki ngemuva kwe-Bigstep Cloud

[13]
== Izibonelo Zesoftware ye-BMaaS[hlela] ==
Izibonelo ze-BMaaS Software kokubili umthombo ovulekile nokuhweba:
- I-OpenStack Ironic (Umthombo ovulekile)
- Canonical_(inkampani) MaaS (Umthombo ovulekile)
- I-MetalSoft (Ezohwebo)
- I-RackN DigitalRebar (Ezohwebo)
[14]
- Tinkerbell (OpenSource)
[15]
- xCAT (OpenSource)
- I-RackHD (OpenSource)
- Cobbler (OpenSource)
- Induna (OpenSource)
- I-Puppet Labs Razor (Ezohwebo)
== Izinkampani ezihlinzeka ngeminikelo ye-BMaaS[hlela] ==
== Bheka futhi[hlela] ==
== Izixhumanisi Zangaphandle[hlela] ==
- ICanonical MaaS
- I-MetalSoft
- Umqondisi weCisco UCS
- Ibha yedijithali yeRackN
- Equinix Metal
- xCAT
- Puppet Labs insingo
- I-Bigstep Metal Cloud
- Cisco UCS
== Izikhombo[hlela] ==
^Reynaldo Mincov (25 Julayi 2014). "Insimbi engenalutho iqhathaniswa namaseva abonakalayo: Iyiphi inketho ekulungele Imicabango ku-Cloud

- ^
a "Iyini i-Bare Metal Server Rackspace. b ^Eric Sarault (26 February 2015). "I-Bare Metal vs. Hypervisor: Ukuvela kwamaseva azinikele"- ^
a David A.(2018-08-20). "Ukuphepha Kwamafu: I-Virtualization, Iziqukathi, Nezinkinga Ezihlobene". b
- ^
a Gopala Tumuluri (6 September 2013). "Iyini ifu le-bare-metal b Inethiwekhi Yonjiniyela Yohlelo Lwekhompyutha Yamasonto onke. ^"Iziphakeli ze-Bare-Metal Zizuza Umfutho Emakethe Yesikhungo Sedatha". datacenterfronier.com. 2021-09-21. Ibuyiselwe ngo-2021-11-22. ^"Iqoqo le-Kubernetes Ukuqaliswa kwe-Autoscaler kwePhakethi". github.com. 2021-11-22. Kubuyiswe ngo-2021-11-22. ^"Living On the Edge (Ingxenye II): What's Driving Edge Computing www.forbes.com. 2019-11-26. Ibuyiselwe 2022-03-29. ^"Indlela i-PoP yensimbi engenalutho ye-PhoenixNAP esikhungweni sedatha se-American Tower exhuma ngayo esithombeni esikhulu". www.edgeir.com. 2022-03-09. Ibuyiselwe 2022-03-29. ^"Ishejuli yokukhishwa kwekhilo". equinix.com. 2021-11-22. Ibuyiselwe ngo-2021-11-22. ^"I-Equinix Iqedela Ukutholwa Kwephakethe Lomholi Wensimbi Engenalutho". equinix.com. 2021-11-22. Ibuyiselwe ngo-2021-11-22. ^"Open Sourcing Tinkerbell". equinix.com. 2021-05-04. Ibuyiselwe ngo-2021-11-22. ^"I-MetalSoft Yethula I-Intelligent Bare Metal Automation Platform ukuze Isekele Imithwalo Yemisebenzi Yamafu Yomdabu". www.prweb.com. 2020-06-23. Ibuyiselwe ngo-2021-11-22. ^"RackN Digital Rebar". I-RackN Digital Rebar. 2021-11-22. Ibuyiselwe ngo-2021-11-22. ^ "Tinkerbell". Tinkerbell.org. 2021-11-22. Ibuyiselwe ngo-2021-11-22.