Amaseva ensimbi angenalutho awuhlobo lweseva olunikeza ukulawula nokuguquguquka kokugcina. Ziyiseva ebonakalayo, enikezelwe kumsebenzisi oyedwa noma inhlangano, engasetshenziswa ukusingatha izinhlelo zabo zokusebenza nedatha ngaphandle kwanoma ibuphi ubuchwepheshe bokwenza izinto ezibonakalayo noma indawo yamafu. Lokhu kwenza amaseva ensimbi angenalutho alungele ukusingatha izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, imithwalo ebaluleke kakhulu yemishini, neminye imisebenzi ekhethekile. Amaseva ensimbi angenalutho ngokuvamile agcinwa esikhungweni sedatha namanye ama-rack ezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha, kodwa ngokungafani nezindawo ezenziwe ngokoqobo, anikeza abasebenzisi ukulawula okuphelele phezu kwezinsiza zemishini. Ngaphandle kwe-hypervisor noma isistimu yokusebenza eyengeziwe efakwe kuseva, abasebenzisi banokufinyelela kuyo yonke i-RAM, amandla e-CPU, indawo yokugcina kanye nomkhawulokudonsa otholakala emshinini. Amaseva ensimbi angenalutho nawo anokufinyelela kwenethiwekhi okuzinikele okunikeza ukusebenza okuqinisekisiwe nokuvikeleka into engenzeki ezindaweni ezibonwayo noma. Enye inzuzo yamaseva ensimbi angenalutho ukukala njengoba ungumnikazi wawo wonke umshini ungangeza ihadiwe entsha njengoba kudingeka ukuze ukhulise umthamo wakho ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusebenza okukhona noma ukudinga ukuhambisa imithwalo yemisebenzi kwenye indawo. Futhi ngokwenza izinguquko ngqo ezingeni lezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ungakha ukucushwa okungokwezifiso okukunikeza ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kwecala lakho elithile lokusebenzisa. Yebo lolu hlobo lokuguquguquka luza nomthwalo wemfanelo omkhulu; abalawuli badinga ukuphatha ukuchibiyela kokubili amasistimu wokusebenza nesofthiwe yomuntu wesithathu (ngaphandle kwalapho kuthengwa ukwesekwa okukhokhelwayo). Ukuvikeleka kungenye inzuzo enikezwa amaseva ensimbi angenalutho njengoba ikhasimende elilodwa kuphela elikwazi ukuwafinyelela mancane ama-vector okuhlasela angaba khona uma kuqhathaniswa nezindawo zomphakathi noma okwabelwana ngazo ezingahlalisa abaqashi abaningi ngamaleveli ahlukene ezivumelwano zokuphepha ezisetshenziswayo. Ukwengeza, ngokugcina idatha eyimfihlo ingekho kumanethiwekhi omphakathi wehlisa ingcuphe evela kubageli abangahle bakwazi ukuyibona ngesikhathi sokuthutha. Okokugcina, ngenxa yokuthi kulula kubaphathi ukuqapha umsebenzi kumaseva ensimbi angenalutho kuwenza abe sesimweni esingcono lapho ephendula izehlakalo ngokushesha nangempumelelo lapho kudingeka. Ngaphandle kwalezi zinzuzo, kukhona ukwehla okuhlobene nokusebenzisa amaseva ensimbi angenalutho kungabiza uma kuqhathaniswa nokusebenzisa izinsiza zamafu ngenxa yezindleko ezengeziwe zanyanga zonke ezifana nezindleko zokuphatha uhlelo ezihambisana nokuzilawula wena kanye nezindleko eziphezulu zezindleko zekhephithali uma kudingeka izinsiza ezengeziwe zekhompiyutha. kunalokhu okutholakala esizeni; futhi zidinga ubuchwepheshe obuningi bezobuchwepheshe ngakho-ke uma ungenaye uchwepheshe we-IT onolwazi kubasebenzi ungase udinge usizo lwangaphandle lokusetha ekuqaleni kanye nokugcinwa okuvamile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi nakho kuyodingeka kuye ngokuthi ungakanani umthwalo ofakwa kuseva ngayinye; ekugcineni ngenkathi zinikeza ukulawula okwengeziwe kokusebenza ngokuvamile zithatha izilinganiso zezikhathi ezinde zokusetha/ukuthunyelwa ngakho uma ukuthunyelwa okusheshayo kubalulekile khona-ke ukuba nesinye isixazululo esiseduze kungase kube usizo esikhundleni salokho. Ukufingqa: Amaseva ensimbi engenalutho anikeza amabhizinisi ukulawula okuphelele endaweni yawo yekhompyutha kanye nezinsiza ezizinikele eziwenza alungele ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, umthwalo obalulekile womsebenzi kanye nemisebenzi ekhethekile lapho kudingeka khona ukukala; kodwa-ke, lokhu kuza ngezindleko ezengeziwe ngenxa yobunkimbinkimbi obuhilelekile ekuzilawuleni usuku nosuku kanye nokuthatha izilinganiso zezikhathi ezinde zokusetha/ukuthunyelwa kunezindawo ezitholakalayo noma izinsiza zamafu ezinikezwayo. Amaseva ensimbi angenalutho anikezela ngezinzuzo ezahlukahlukene eziwenza abe yinketho ekhangayo kumabhizinisi amaningi:
Ukuvumelana nezimo - Iziphakeli zensimbi ezingenalutho zilungiseka kakhulu, okuvumela izinhlangano ukuthi zenze ngokwezifiso ihadiwe yazo ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo ezithile. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo kuvumela amabhizinisi ukuthi alungise ukucaciswa kweseva yawo njengoba kudingeka, anikeze isisombululo esiphelele somthwalo oshukumisayo wokusebenza
Ukonga Izindleko - Ngenxa yokuthi amaseva ensimbi angenalutho angenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo futhi akhuliswe ngokwesidingo, amabhizinisi angonga ezindlekweni zangaphambili uma kuqhathaniswa nokuqasha izinsiza zamafu noma ukuthenga amaseva amaningi azinikele. Ukwengeza, iziphakeli zensimbi ezingenalutho zinikeza indlela yokonga kumabhizinisi ukuphatha umthamo omkhulu wedatha futhi abale izidingo zamandla ngenxa yekhono lawo lokugcina idatha enkulu endaweni eyodwa ebonakalayo.
Ukusebenza - Iziphakeli zensimbi ezingenalutho zinikeza ukusebenza okuphakeme uma kuqhathaniswa nemishini ebonakalayo ngenxa yokuntuleka komakhelwane abanomsindo noma ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenza kuhadiwe efanayo engadala ukuphazamiseka noma izikhathi zokuphendula ezihamba kancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokuthi ziyizinsiza ezizinikele, amaseva ensimbi engenalutho awavamisile ukuba nezinkinga zokungabambezeleki ngokungafani nezindawo ezenziwe ngokoqobo ezivame ukusebenzisa izinsiza ezabiwe njengamaswishi namarutha okuholela ekusebenzeni okonakele ngezikhathi zokusetshenziswa okuphezulu.
UkuphephaNjengoba lungekho uhlelo lokusebenza olufakwe kuseva yensimbi engenalutho luqeda izingozi zokuphepha ezingaba khona ezihlobene nezinye izinhlobo zezixazululo zokubamba ezifana nokubamba okwabiwe okunabasebenzisi abaningi abafinyelela izinsiza kuseva efanayo enamazinga ahlukene wamalungelo wokufinyelela namandla okungenzeka avumele. abadlali abanonya finyelela ku-architecture yenethiwekhi yakho.Ukwengeza, njengoba yonke idatha igcinwa endaweni eyodwa ebonakalayo esikhundleni sezindawo eziningi ezibonakalayo ezisebenza ndawonye ngobuchwepheshe bamafu; amabhizinisi angalawula kalula ukufinyelela kulwazi olubucayi, aqinisekise ukuthi yilabo kuphela abadinga ukufinyelela abanikezwayo kuyilapho futhi evikela idatha yekhasimende ekuphuleni okubangelwa abahlinzeki bamafu bezinkampani zangaphandle abahlangabezana nokunqamuka noma izimbobo zokuphepha kumasistimu abo.Amaseva ensimbi ayingxenye ebalulekile yezikhungo zedatha yesimanje kanye nengqalasizinda ye-IT.Ngokunikeza ukufinyelela kuzinsiza zeseva ebonakalayo, zenza izinhlangano zikwazi ukuthuthukisa ukusebenzisa kwazo amandla ekhompuyutha namandla okugcina, ngokuphambene nokuthembela kumasevisi asekelwe ku-virtual noma asekelwe emafini.Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kumabhizinisi adinga izinga eliphezulu lokusebenza nokwethembeka kusuka engqalasizinda yawo ye-IT, njengalezo ezisezimbonini ezifana nezezimali, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, noma i-eCommerce.Inzuzo eyodwa eyinhloko yokusebenzisa amaseva ensimbi angenalutho ukwenza ngokwezifiso.Ngeseva yensimbi engenalutho, ungalungisa imininingwane yezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ukuze uhlangabezane nezidingo zakho ezithile.Yonke ingxenye kusuka ohlotsheni lwephrosesa kanye nenani le-RAM ukuya kunombolo yokuskena kanzima kungalungiselelwa ngendlela oyidinga ngayo.Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi unokusethwa kweseva okufanelana nomthwalo wakho wokusebenza kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezifaneleka kakhulu ukusebenza okuphezulu ngaso sonke isikhathi.Awutholi lolo hlobo lokuvumelana nezimo ngezixazululo ezenziwe ngokoqobo noma ezisekelwe emafini lapho ukhawulelwe izinketho ezilungiselelwe kusengaphambili noma izinsiza ezabiwe.Ukwengeza, iziphakeli zensimbi ezingenalutho zinikeza ukulawula okuvikelekile endaweni yakho yezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ngoba akukho ukwabelana nabanye abasebenzisi njengoba kungenzeka ngezinsizakalo zokubamba abaqashi abaningi njengezinhlelo zokubamba i-VPS ezabiwe noma izinkundla zamafu zomphakathi.Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungakha indawo evikelekile engenakho ukuphazamiseka okungalindelekile ngenxa yomunye umsebenzi womsebenzisi kungxenyekazi yezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha efanayo futhi ube nokulawula okugcwele kokuthi ubani onokufinyelela idatha yakho.Okokugcina, ukusebenzisa iseva yensimbi engenalutho kuvumela ukulinganisa okungcono kunalokhu okutholakala ngezinsizakalo zokubamba i-VM njengoba ungakhawulelwe ngamaphakheji alungiselelwe kusengaphambili anikezwa abahlinzeki besevisi; esikhundleni salokho, ungenza ngendlela oyifisayo isistimu yakho ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zokusetshenziswa eziqondile.Njengoba izidingo zebhizinisi zishintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amandla engeziwe anganezelwa kalula nangokushesha ngokwandisa izingxenye ezikhona zengqalasizinda kuyilapho kugcinwa izindleko ziphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nokuba nokuthenga amasistimu amasha ngokuphelele isikhathi ngasinye lapho kuphakama izidingo zokukalaImvelo Engalawulwa: Amaseva ensimbi angenalutho awalawulwa nhlobo umhlinzeki, okusho ukuthi abasebenzisi banesibopho sayo yonke imisebenzi yokuphatha njengokufaka isofthiwe, ukulungisa inethiwekhi nokugcinwa kwezingxenye, ukuphatha amakheli e-IP kanye nezinkinga zokuxazulula izinkinga nesofthiweUkusebenza Okunyukile: Ngenxa yokuntula kwabo ukusebenza kwe-virtualization, amaseva ensimbi angenalutho anikeza ukusebenza okuphezulu kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka ngesabelo esingcono sememori, ukusetshenziswa kwe-CPU nokusebenza kwe-disk I/O uma kuqhathaniswa nezixazululo ezenziwe ngokoqobo.Ukwengeza, futhi zihlinzeka ngezinga elikhulu lokulawula elivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi balungise kahle izinsiza zeseva ezifana nesivinini sokucubungula noma ukwabiwa kwe-RAM ngokusekelwe ezidingweni ezithileUkuqina: Iziphakeli zensimbi ezingenalutho zivumela amabhizinisi ukuze akhuphule kalula ingqalasizinda yawo lapho kudingeka ngokwengeza izinsiza zezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezingokoqobo ngaphandle kokumisa kabusha okokusebenza noma ukufakwa okukhona ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe izindleko ezihlobene nemizamo yokwenyuka ezindaweni ezingokoqobo ezingokoqoboUkuhlukahluka: Okukodwa okukhulu kakhulu izinzuzo zamaseva ensimbi ukuthi angasetshenziswa cishe kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lohlelo lokusebenza kusukela ekusingatheni iwebhu kanye nezinsizakalo zokusakaza-bukhoma ngokusebenzisa ama-algorithms okufunda ngomshini noma imisebenzi ephezulu yokusebenza kwekhompuyutha ngenxa yemvelo yawo eyenzeka ngokwezifiso kakhuluUkuphepha: Njengoba amaseva ensimbi engenalutho ehlukanisiwe kweminye imininingwane yamakhasimende ehlala kubasingathi abahlanganyelwe asusa ubungozi bezenzo ezinonya ezisakazwa kumakhelwane unts njengoba kwenzeka ezindaweni eziqashe abantu abaningi okwandisa amazinga okuphepha kakhulu.Ubani Ongahlomula Ngamaseva Ensimbi Engenalutho?Abahlinzeki Bokusingatha Iwebhu: Iziphakeli zensimbi ezingenalutho zingavumela abahlinzeki bokusingatha iwebhu ukuthi banikeze amakhasimende abo ukusebenza okuphezulu kanye nokuguquguquka okwengeziwe ngokuya ngezinsiza zesevaOnjiniyela Bohlelo: Onjiniyela abadinga ukuhlola nokuphakela izinhlelo zokusebenza inkundla ethembekile nevikelekile izozuza ngokusebenzisa iseva yensimbi engenalutho njengoba imvelo yayo ezinikele inikeza ukulawula okwengeziwe kokuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza zisebenza kanjaniAbaphathi Besizindalwazi: Iseva yensimbi engenalutho inikeza ukusebenza okungcono kakhulu kolwazi ngenxa yokuntuleka ye-virtualization, okuvumela ama-DBA ukuthi enze isiqiniseko sokuthi imininingo yawo egciniwe isebenza kahle ngangokunokwenzekaAmabhizinisi: Amabhizinisi adinga amaseva awo azinikele angazuza ekuvikelekeni okuthuthukisiwe, ukusebenza, kanye nokukaleka okunikezwa yinsimbi engenalutho. amaseva
Abahlinzeki Besevisi Yamafu: Abahlinzeki besevisi yamafu basebenzisa amaseva ensimbi angenalutho ukuze banikeze abasebenzisi izinketho zekhompuyutha ezisebenza kahle ezifana nezakhiwo ze-Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) noma Ingqalasizinda-njenge-Service (IaaS). Lokhu kubavumela ukuthi banikeze izixazululo zamafu ezinamandla ngamanani ancintisanayo
Abasingathi Beseva Yegeyimu: Abashisekeli begeyimu bangazuza kakhulu ngokusebenzisa iseva yensimbi engenalutho yokusingathwa kwegeyimu ngenxa yesikhathi sayo esiphezulu kanye nokuvikeleka okwandisiwe. Lolu hlobo lweseva lulungele imiphakathi edlalayo efuna ukusingatha imiqhudelwano noma ukuzijwayeza ukufana ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokusalela emuva noma ukuxhumana okungathembekile.
Ochwepheshe be-DevOps: Imvelo yokuzinikela yamaseva ensimbi angenalutho ikwenza kube ukukhetha okuhle kochwepheshe be-DevOps abadinga ukuguquguquka nokunwebeka ukuze basebenzise izinhlelo zokusebenza ngokushesha nangempumelelo. Ibiza malini Amaseva e-Bare Metal? Amaseva ensimbi angenalutho angahluka kakhulu ngezindleko kuye ngohlobo nezicaciso zeseva. Ngokuvamile, ungathola amaseva ayisisekelo aqala cishe ku-$100 kuya ku-$200 ngenyanga, kuyilapho amaseva anamandla kakhulu noma akhethekile angabiza ngaphezulu kuka-$500 kuya ku-$1,000 ngenyanga. Izindleko zamaseva ensimbi angenalutho nazo zincike ekutheni uhlela ukuqasha izintengo ezingakanani zingase zehle ngokuhamba kwesikhathi eside. Ukwengeza, kuvame ukuba nezinkokhelo ezengeziwe zezinto ezifana nokusetha kanye nomkhawulokudonsa odinga ukufakwa ezindlekweni eziphelele. Ekugcineni, kuzoncika ekutheni ziyini izidingo zakho ezithile nokuthi hlobo luni lweseva oludingekayo kuhlelo lwakho lokusebenza
Ukwehluleka kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha: Amaseva ensimbi angenalutho asengozini yokwehluleka kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ngenxa yokushoda kwezinhlelo zokuphindaphinda noma zokusekelayo. Uma noma iyiphi ingxenye yehadiwe ihluleka, ingabangela ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kumasevisi noma ukulahleka kwedatha
Ukuvikeleka: Njengoba amaseva ensimbi angenalutho engenazo izendlalelo ze-virtualization nezinye izici zokuphepha, angavezwa kakhulu kubaduni nabalingisi abanonya. Ngaphandle kwezinyathelo zokuphepha ezifanele ezikhona, ukuphulwa kungase kwenzeke kalula uma kuqhathaniswa nezinkundla ezenziwe ngokoqobo
Izindleko: Ngenxa yemvelo yazo yokuzinikela, amaseva ensimbi angenalutho avame ukubiza kakhulu kunezinye izixazululo zeseva ngoba akukho ukwabelana kwezinsiza phakathi kwabasebenzisi abaningi. Lokhu kungaholela ekunyukeni kwezindleko zezimali zezinhlangano ezinomthwalo wemisebenzi emikhulu ezidinga inani elikhulu lamaseva
Ukuphatha: Ukuphatha amaseva ensimbi angenalutho kudinga amakhono akhethekile nolwazi olungase luhlanganise ukunakekelwa ngokomzimba njengokushintsha izingxenye noma ukulungisa izingxenye zehadiwe eziphukile. Lokhu kuzodinga abasebenzi abengeziwe noma ubuchwepheshe obungakhuphula izindleko zabasebenzi ezinhlanganweni
Ukunwebeka: Uma kuqhathaniswa nezindawo ezenziwe nge-virtualized, ukukala phezulu noma phansi kumaseva ensimbi angenalutho kungase kube nzima futhi kudle isikhathi ngenxa yesidingo sezinguquko zokuhlela mathupha kuseva ngayinye kanye nokufakwa kabusha kwesofthiwe nezinhlelo zokusebenza lapho ihadiwe entsha yengezwa. Yini amaseva e-Bare Metal ahlangana nayo? Amaseva ensimbi angenalutho angahlanganisa nezinhlobo zesofthiwe ehlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana ne-Linux ne-Windows, isofthiwe ye-virtualization efana ne-VMware ne-KVM, izinkundla zamafu ezifana ne-Amazon Web Services kanye ne-Google Cloud Platform, imininingwane yolwazi efana ne-MySQL ne-PostgreSQL, izixazululo zesitoreji njenge-EMC I-Networker noma i-NetApp FAS, amathuluzi okuqapha afana ne-Nagios noma i-Ganglia, izinhlelo zokuphepha ezifana ne-Trend Micros Deep Security Suite, ubuchwepheshe beziqukathi obufana ne-Docker noma i-Kubernetes, izinhlaka zokuthuthukisa ezifana ne-Node.js noma i-Ruby on Rails nokunye. Amaseva ensimbi angenalutho angenziwa ngokwezifiso kakhulu; lokhu kuvumela izinhlangano ukuthi zikhethe noma yiluphi uhlobo lwesoftware olulungele izidingo zabo ezithile. Imibuzo Okufanele Uyibuze Lapho Ucubungula Amaseva Ensimbi Angenalutho
Yiziphi izinhlobo zeseva ezikhona?
Ilungiswa kanjani ihadiwe (uhlobo lweprosesa, usayizi we-RAM, inombolo yama-hard drive)?
Ingabe iseva iza nanoma iyiphi i-OS efakwe ngaphambili?
Ingabe ikhona inketho yohlelo lwesevisi oluphethwe noma ngidinga ukuzilawula mina iseva?
Kungenzeka yini ukukala ihadiwe ngokuzayo uma kudingeka futhi lokho kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani?
Hlobo luni lwamaphakheji okunakekela/okweseka ahlinzekwayo futhi enziwa kangaki?
Ingabe izipele zifakiwe futhi zithathwa kaningi kangakanani?
Ingabe zikhona izimali ezengeziwe ezihlobene nokusetha noma ukuphatha iseva yensimbi engenalutho (umkhawulokudonsa, indawo yokugcina, njll.) ?
Ingabe zikhona iziqinisekiso ekusebenzeni noma ukutholakala kwezinsiza ezifana nenkumbulo?
